Contents
Introduction
General plug-in information
Knob mode
Processing blocks reordering
Envelope control buttons
Envelope: control points
Envelope: group editing of control points
Program management buttons
Knob control
Global settings
Troubleshooting tips and additional information
Introduction
Voxengo is pleased to introduce the next major version of PC VST
plug-in called Soniformer. This plug-in is an innovative mastering tool for
DAWs (Digital Audio Workstations) that allows the user to form and reform the
sonic structure of any sound material.
The main idea behind Soniformer is a spectral balance. A perfectly
balanced mix can be seen on a spectrum analyzer as a smooth spectral curve
with minimal number of peaks and notches. There can be some deviations from
this rule, but generally it always applies. Soniformer uses compression to
adjust the spectral balance of any sound material being processed in a way
that its spectral curve fulfills the aforementioned rule. Thus, Soniformer
could also be called a spectral compressor.
Every parameter of Soniformer is defined by means of a graphic envelope
which is freely-modifiable and which may contain up to 32 control points.
Soniformer implements both compression and expansion, which allows a
variety of different sound structures to be created, including classical
tape compression, unobtrusive bass expansion, and general mix compression.
And it all sounds pristine! One could say that Soniformer brings a
classical warm analog compression to a digital workstation. This is true,
because even at very subtle compression settings, Soniformer brings a
strong feel of a professionally balanced mix. In fact, Soniformer allows
the user to perform professional sounding mastering in a budget environment.
Spectral balance is almost a universal thing, and every mastering engineer has
to master it, while Soniformer brings it the easy way. Soniformer's
adjustments of the spectral balance actually reveal details of the mix
being processed.
Voxengo Soniformer features:
Spectral compression technology
Envelope-driven parameters
32-band spectrum analyzer
Mid/side processing
Gain change meters
Stereo linking envelope
Stereo width envelope
Stereo pan envelope
Knob control mode
Processing blocks reordering
Two level detector types
"A-to-B" comparisons
Factory presets
Mono-to-Stereo, Stereo-to-Stereo processing
Sample rates up to 192 kHz supported
Native assembler DSP code
64-bit internal precision
General plug-in information
During processing, Soniformer divides incoming audio stream into a
large number (32 or more) of equally-spaced bands (this makes Soniformer a
rather CPU-consumptive plug-in). The lowest band has a center frequency of
25 Hz; the highest controllable band has a center frequency of 20k Hz. This
layout brings about -30 dB around DC attenuation, which is good for a general
DC offset removal.
Soniformer is controlled by means of parameter envelopes. Each
parameter's envelope is defined across the audible frequency range.
Values (in dB) on the left of the envelope editing surface show either the
scale of the spectrum analyzer or the scale of the gain change meters,
depending on the current monitoring mode selected. Values on the right show
the scale of the currently selected parameter envelope.
As for compression settings, Soniformer adopts a rather `raw' compression
technique, so if you are familiar with compressors, these settings won't be
hard for you to understand. The only difference is that all parameters
should be defined in two dimensions, instead of one dimension.
Since lower frequencies have longer oscillation times than higher
frequencies, the Attack and Release values for the lower frequencies must
be specified at least a magnitude higher than for the higher frequencies. It
may be also benefical to use smaller Release values compared to Attack
values. This helps to preserve the dynamics for the most part.
Beside normal compression controls, Soniformer has a "Wet mix"
parameter, which may look rather strange as a part of a compressor. It was
added because this kind of compressor may sit well in a mix blended with the
original input signal. The other `non-standard' parameter is the
"stereo width" which you can use to apply the mid-side stereo
widening/narrowing technique across the audible frequency range. Please
note that the Width envelope should first be enabled by adding it into the
processing "Order" selector.
Spectral stereo panning can be also used by defining the according envelope
and switching it on the "Order" selector.
Soniformer also features a pretty interesting stereo linking approach
which is controlled by the means of an envelope. Normally, processing should
be whether stereo linked or unlinked. But here you can specify values
inbetween. Although specifying various linking values for different
frequencies is not a totally correct approach, but still this can be used
to add some unique touch to the stereo program material. Please note that
if stereo linking envelope stays at 100% Soniformer optimizes compressor
performance automatically.
The "MS Mode" switch enables mid/side processing. In MS mode
Soniformer encodes L/R stereo signal into mid (mono) and side (stereo)
channels which then can be compressed or expanded as needed. After
processing is performed M/S signal is converted into L/R signal back.
MS processing is only available for stereo audio. The "Mid" option
enables mid channel processing while the "Side" option enables side
channel processing.
The "Fluffy" control button disables or enables default
`fluffy' gain adjustment behavior (Soniformer uses the square of the
calculated gain in this mode). In the "Normal" mode Soniformer
compresses/expands in a more common and predictable way.
The "Peak"/"Env" switch controls which mode is used for detecting
signal's level. The "Peak" mode uses every sample of the sound stream.
The "Env" mode uses the signal from the signal envelope follower fed by the
sound stream. The "Env" mode--due to its natural inertia--gives a smoother
sound.
The "Weighting" selector allows you to apply a weighting function
over the spectrum. Such weighting can be helpful when tuning the very low and
very high frequencies. The "Internal" weighting option uses idealistic
spectrum compensation (by means of a modified parabolic curve centered around
700 Hz). Please note that this option is mostly experimental. "A" applies a
pure A-weighting curve. "C" applies a pure C-weighting curve. "A + C" applies
the A-weighting curve mixed with the C-weighting curve.
The "CompMode" switch can be used to switch between Soniformer's
compression algorithms. In the "Normal" mode Soniformer compresses audio
in a standard way - signal above the defined threshold gets compressed or
expanded according to the Ratio envelope. In the "Inverted" compression mode
signal below the threshold gets affected - it is attenuated or
amplified according to the Ratio envelope.
The "Input Slope" parameter adjusts the slope of the spectrum you
see on the spectrum analyzer. You should carefully choose the slope value
since you may get either too bright or too dark mix if the slope value
chosen was unsuitable for the mix you were working on.
The "Out" knob controls the output signal gain. A special button
near the Out knob label turns red when three sequential clip incidents were
detected on any output channel. Click this button to reset it to its normal
state.
A counter near the "In/Out Diff" label shows the difference
(in decibels) between the input and output signals. This counter can be
helpful when you are adjusting the Out knob in order to accomodate level
difference between the input and output signals introduced by the
processing. Positive values mean that the output signal is louder than the
input signal. You can click this counter to reset it.
You can engage the Narrow band sweeping function by clicking the
left mouse button on the control surface while holding the CTRL key. This
function allows you to listen to a selectable narrow band in order to detect
various sonic artifacts which then can be tamed by Soniformer.
Knob mode
Envelopes in Soniformer can be also adjusted in a knob mode which can be
engaged by pressing the "Knob" button. Please note that switching to
the knob mode may destroy the original envelope information. Knob mode works
with 3 control points in each envelope and so original envelopes will be
converted to contain 3 control points only. This conversion cannot be undone
(if you have not saved a preset)! However, if your envelopes already have 3
knobs in each envelope switching to the "Knob mode" would not change the
original envelopes.
Processing blocks reordering
A set of special "Order" selectors can be used to switch various
parts of the Soniformer on and off, and to change processing sequence.
For example, by excluding the "Comp" (compressor) block from the sequence
you may turn Soniformer's compression algorithm off. This can be useful when
you only need to apply Stereo Width ("Width") and/or Panning ("Pan") envelopes
to the program material. "O.Gain" processing block corresponds to the
"Out Gain" envelope meaning you may apply it before or after compression,
stereo width or panning processing is applied.
Order mode buttons can be switched to Off state and back with the
right mouse button.
Program management buttons
You can use the "Preset..." menu button to perform basic FXP/FXB
preset/bank management tasks. The "Set as default" menu option of
the "Presets..." menu allows you to assign the currently loaded program
to the default preset program. This default program will be loaded whenever
you enable a new instance of the plug-in or reset the current program. You can
use the "Reset default" option to restore the default factory
preset.
By pressing the "A|B" button, you can exchange the current and
shadow (or, alternatively, "A" and "B") programs.
The "Copy" button copies the current program to a shadow one.
Since only a single shadow program is used for the whole program bank, you
can use "A|B" button to copy programs. To do so, you first need to switch to
a program you want to copy and press the "Copy" button. Next, switch to a
program where you want to put the first program and press the "A|B"
button.
The "Reset" button can be used to reset the current program. All
parameters will return to their default states.
Envelope control buttons
The "Overlay" selector button allows you to change the
envelope displayed as an overlay envelope. The overlayed envelope is
displayed in red color.
The "Copy" (copy to) button allows you to copy the current
envelope to another envelope.
The "Invert" button inverts the current envelope.
The "Arrow Down" button can be used to attenuate the parameter
envelope. The "Arrow Up" button amplifies the parameter envelope,
doing the opposite of what the "Arrow Down" does.
After every change of the parameter envelope, with the help of the
"Undo" and the "Redo" buttons, you have an opportunity to undo
changes made. The parameter envelope change starts when the left mouse button
is pressed and ends when the left mouse button is released. You can also undo
some operations like control point insertion and deletion.
The "Reset" button resets the envelope. You can undo the reset
later.
Envelope: control points
This picture shows the control points which can be dragged with the left
mouse button to adjust the current envelope. Double-clicking on a control
point removes it. The first and last points return to default vertical
position when double-clicked. To add a new control point, double-click
the control surface at the desired position.
If several points are selected and you double-click any of the
existing points, all selected points will be either deleted or reset.
Dragging the envelope line selects two points, adjacent to this line,
and enables you to move these points, vertically constrained.
You can hold the ALT key to enable fine-tuning. In this mode you
can specify position of the control point with ten times more precision.
By holding the CTRL key and left-clicking the point you can reset
this point to the default value (0 dB in the case of the Out Gain
envelope).
Envelope: group editing of control points
You can also edit groups of control points by selecting them in a very
convenient manner. Just hold down the left mouse button and
start dragging the control surface. In response to
your dragging, a box will appear showing the selection area. All control
points that enter this area become selected. By dragging any single point
within the selection you can then move a group of selected points the way
you would move a single point, vertically constrained. When you are dragging
the segment (link) between any two selected nodes, you can move all selected
nodes, horizontally constrained.
To add points to the current selection, press the SHIFT key before
starting to drag the control surface. To deselect the currently selected
points, simply click the control surface anywhere.
You can press the right mouse button on the control surface to select all
control points.
Knob control
To change a knob control's value, drag it with the left mouse button
and move it up or down. For finer adjustment, press the right mouse button
while dragging. Double-clicking on the knob with the left mouse button will
return the knob to its default position.
Global settings
Pressing this button will display the plug-in's info screen. This screen
shows copyright and registration information, and contains the "Help"
button which opens the bundled HTML help file you are reading now.
This screen also contains the following global settings. A global setting
is one that affects all plug-in instances in all audio host applications.
The "Spectrum Speed" selector enables you to choose the speed
(inertia) of the spectrum.
When the "Snapping" option is enabled, envelope nodes will be snapped
to centers of the spectral bands.
The "Auto Overlay" switch enables the automatic switching of the
overlay envelope when you choose another envelope to edit.
The "Pre Out Gain" switch enables `pre output gain' monitoring
for all monitoring modes. This is useful to evaluate the gain adjustment
made by the compression/expansion itself, without taking the main Out
Gain and the Out Gain parameter envelope into account.
Troubleshooting tips and additional
information
Why the analyzer doesn't reflect the work of 'Out Gain' curve?
You may enable this option on the global settings screen.
Do you have any tips on how to tune Soniformer?
The following tuning technique can be used:
1. Press the topmost "Reset" button to reset all envelopes.
2. Start the audio playback, enable the input spectrum monitoring mode and
adjust the Input Slope parameter.
3. Edit the "Threshold" envelope. This envelope should have the shape
the spectrum should follow in your opinion.
4. Choose appropriate Attack, Release and Ratio envelopes.
5. Lower the threshold envelope until you clearly hear the difference.
6. Adjust Attack and Release and Threshold envelopes further. Ratio envelope
can be also adjusted. On this step you should optimize these parameters
so that you get a tight, `glued', but not an overcompressed, sound.
7. After enabling the "Gains" monitoring mode tune the "Out Gain" envelope
to accomodate for gain adjustments taking place.
8. Tune the "Wet Mix" envelope to your likening.
Do you have any suggestions on how to use Soniformer during
mastering?
Soniformer should be used before any equalizer in the mastering chain,
because if used after an equalizer, the equalization settings will be adjusted
by it. A sample effect chain would be: Soniformer, EQ plug-in and
loudness maximizer/limiter. It is suggested that mastering reverbs be used
before Soniformer so that the reverb can be `densified' to create a more
warm sound.
EQ can also be used before Soniformer if the original track's
frequency balance is far from what is needed. This way, the initial EQing
will help Soniformer straighten the spectral balance.
Do you have any tips on how to use factory presets?
Factory presets are actually only `starting points'. They are generally
usable, but of course some tweaking must be done to make them suitable for a
particular mix. What you will definitely need to adjust is the threshold,
because the input level of your mix might be different from what was used by
us during the design of the preset. The other parameter that you might
need to adjust is output gain.
I am trying the demo of Soniformer. It strikes me that this is actually
a very complex multiband compressor - so my question is - just how many bands?
It looks like it has far more than what you would typically find in a
multiband compressor. Can you clarify?
Soniformer uses 32 bands. At higher sample rates it may use some more
additional bands.
I find it difficult to understand how node dragging works.
When you are dragging a single node, you can move it freely. When you
are dragging a selection of nodes, you have two options: either drag one
of the selected nodes to move all of them horizontally, or drag the
segment (link) between the nodes to move all of them vertically.
Does using Env detector effectively disable attack and release
settings?
The Env detector--when enabled--lowers the speed of the response
of the compressor to the incoming transients.
You advise, "Start the audio playback, enable the input spectrum
monitoring mode and adjust the Input Slope parameter." What exactly should I
be looking for here? Am I trying to find the position where the spectrum looks
most 'flat' before applying any processing, or should I make a subjective
analysis like, "I know my mix sounds a little bassy to begin with so I should
adjust the Input Slope until it reflects that." I noticed most of your presets
range between 3.0 and 4.5 for the I.S. The Input Slope adjustment affects only
the spectrum display and not the audio processing itself, correct? I mean to
say, the I.S. only affects what I see and not what I hear, right?
I suggest you to adjust the Input Slope until you get a mostly 'flat'
spectrum. Having experience you can set the slope to some predetermined
value - modern tracks have 3.5-4.5 dB slope. Some very old recordings may
have 6 dB slope. Moreover you can correct several tracks of an album by using
the same input slope and trying to achieve a flat spectrum display by
adjusting control envelopes (like Out Gain). Input Slope affects the analysis
and the overall compression/expansion action since it 'rotates' the spectrum
around the existing Threshold control envelope.
I'm not sure what you mean when you say, "The 'Internal' weighting
option uses idealistic spectrum compensation." Is this a custom spectrum not
related to A- or C- weighting? Is it something akin to the ears' sensitivity
to music rather than noise (like the current A- and C- standards are)? Or do
you mean to suggest that an output curve shaped like an upside down parabola
will be close to the sound of modern mastering EQ-wise?
The 'Internal' weighting option is a curve I have empirically come up
with - I do not think it fully relates to some physical facts, but it can be
useful nevertheless. Weighting is only a helper - it is not something very
solid nor it is 'a must'.
Is the A + C weighting the same as the rarely used B-weighting
standard?
'A + C' weighting does not substitute for the B weighting - it is just an
average of A and C curves. While C curve is used for loud recordings, 'A + C'
can be useful for normal sound pressure level recordings.
I can't seem to understand the 'Fluffy' thing. So what does it
do?
This is hard to describe in common words. In general, this mode affects
the shape of compression transfer function. From the math side, the gain
reduction function is being squared in this mode. During compression this
creates a slight peak right after the signal reaches the threshold level.
Not that this is actually a peak or negative gain reduction, but a slight gain
reduction 'suspend' after which the gain reduction is raised relatively
swiftly. With expansion, things are pretty the same - it suspends for a
moment, and then increases the volume (or something like that). Attack and
Release don't directly alter this behaviour. This mode does not affect
detector - only compressor part.
Can you Solo a band or group of bands in SF to hear just what's going
on in a certain frequency range?
You can't solo bands in Soniformer, but you can use the 'narrow band
sweeping' function: press the left mouse button on the control surface while
holding the CTRL key to enable it.
I understand that the Y axis label on the RIGHT of the edit window shows
the range of adjustment for the currently selected envelope being edited, but
what does the Y axis label on the LEFT of the edit window represent (scale is
-5 to 5)?
Y axis on the left shows scale of the meters you see on the background.
When you start mastering with Voxengo, do you have to master all the
tracks that you want to master all at once with the same mastering
settings? Or do you have to master the tracks separately with different
mastering settings?
Most of the settings should be fine-tuned for every track. It is mastering
engineer's task to make everything sound uniform. Software itself cannot do
this automatically since it is only a helping instrument. However, if the
differences between tracks are in the EQ balance only, you can apply different
EQ setting for each tracks and THEN use the same Mastering Compressor/Limiter
setting for each track. But this will work only if your tracks were tracked
and mixed equally, with the same instrument set.
What exactly is wet mix applying to my audio when used? How does this
work in relations with the compression? When using the Wet Mix is this the
same thing as applying varying degrees of parallel compression?
Wet mix is a pretty simple concept. When wet mix is at 100% it means 100%
of the output signal is wet compressed signal. If this goes lower, original
non-compressed signal will be present in the output. For example, 50% wet mix
means there is 50% if compressed and 50% if non-compressed signal. 0% wet mix
means no compressed signal will be available in the output. In other words,
Wet Mix controls 'parallel compression' aspect of Soniformer.
Do you mind stating briefly the principle behind the stereo width
parameter? Is there (eg) some mid-side going on in the background?
It is exactly mid/side technique, but applied in multi-band manner. Since
it is mid/side technique, it is fully mono-compatible.
When moving the Input Slope knob, should I be able to hear these
changes?
To hear how Slope adjusts the sound set the Threshold envelope pretty low
and set a moderate compression envelope. Then, while adjusting the Slope
you'll hear how compression shifts from one part of the spectrum to the other.
Slope setting itself does not alter the sound - it only affects level
detection by 'rotating' spectrum (applying a constant gain expressed in
Decibels per octave).
Can Soniformer compress the lower frequency content only, leaving the
higher frequencies unaffected?
Yes, it can do that since it supports frequency-dependent envelopes for all
parameters.
Happy Mastering!